Skip to content

alphaPlan · Data Structures, Algorithms & the Web · Cheat-sheet 01

Getting oriented

A short bridge from the Python basics you know to the shape of your data: collections, structures, algorithms and objects.

Ideas to remember

  1. 01This course assumes you already use variables, if and else, for and while loops, functions and lists without looking them up.
  2. 02The focus shifts from single values to the shape of your data; a list is only one way to hold a group of items.
  3. 03Collections beyond the list are tuples, dictionaries and sets, and files let data outlive a single run of the program.
  4. 04Data structures such as stacks and queues are less about storage and more about the order in which items come back out.
  5. 05Algorithms are the step-by-step recipes that work on those structures, and the course adds a way to compare how well they scale.
  6. 06Two programs can give the same answer while doing wildly different amounts of work, and the difference often comes down to which structure holds the data.

Words

collection
A way to hold a group of items; the list is the first one most people meet.
data structure
A structure like a stack or a queue, defined by the order in which items come back out.
algorithm
A step-by-step recipe that works on a data structure.
object-oriented design
Bundling data and the actions on it into your own types.

Do this

  • Write a short program from memory that averages a list of numbers; if any line feels shaky, revisit that topic in the Python course first.
  • Ask one question of every new tool: what does it make easy, and what does it make hard?
  • Treat what follows as new words in a language you can already speak.

Watch out

  • The course does not re-teach the basics; steady them first if they feel shaky.
  • Picking a data structure by accident instead of on purpose can leave you with a program that crawls when it could fly.

From the lessons: From basics to structures. codeforalbania.com/en/learn/data-structures-algorithms/00-getting-oriented

Derived from a course alphaPlan Center developed from programs delivered in partnership with the American Corners network. Who made what

Found something unclear, outdated or improvable? Suggest an improvement